Толковый словарь английского языка Oxford English Reference - shift
Shift
shift
v. & n. --v. 1 intr. & tr. change or move or cause to change or move from one position to another. 2 tr. remove, esp. with effort (washing won't shift the stains). 3 sl. a intr. hurry (we'll have to shift!). b tr. consume (food or drink) hastily or in bulk. c tr. sell (esp. dubious goods). 4 intr. contrive or manage as best one can. 5 US a tr. change (gear) in a vehicle. b intr. change gear. 6 intr. (of cargo) get shaken out of place. 7 intr. archaic be evasive or indirect. --n. 1 a the act or an instance of shifting. b the substitution of one thing for another; a rotation. 2 a a relay of workers (the night shift). b the time for which they work (an eight-hour shift). 3 a a device, stratagem, or expedient. b a dodge, trick, or evasion. 4 a a woman's straight unwaisted dress. b archaic a loose-fitting undergarment. 5 a displacement of spectral lines (see also red shift). 6 (also sound shift) a systematic change in pronunciation as a language evolves. 7 a key on a keyboard used to switch between lower and upper case etc. 8 Bridge a a change of suit in bidding. b US a change of suit in play. 9 the positioning of successive rows of bricks so that their ends do not coincide. 10 US a a gear lever in a motor vehicle. b a mechanism for this. Phrases and idioms make shift manage or contrive; get along somehow (made shift without it). shift for oneself rely on one's own efforts. shift one's ground take up a new position in an argument etc. shift off get rid of (responsibility etc.) to another. Derivatives shiftable adj. shifter n. Etymology: OE sciftan arrange, divide, etc., f. Gmc
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1.
I. verb Etymology: Middle English, from Old English sciftan to divide, arrange; akin to Old Norse skipa to arrange, assign Date: 13th century transitive verb to exchange for or replace by another ; change, 2. to change the place, position, or direction of ; move, to make a change in (place), to change phonetically, intransitive verb 1. to change place or position, to change direction , to change gears, to depress the ~ key (as on a typewriter), 2. to assume responsibility , to resort to expedients, 3. to go through a change , to change one's clothes, to become changed phonetically, ~able adjective II. noun Date: 1523 1. a means or device for effecting an end, b. a deceitful or underhand scheme ; dodge, an effort or expedient exerted or tried in difficult circumstances ; extremity , 2. a change of clothes, b. shirt, a woman's slip or chemise, a usually loose-fitting or semifitted dress, 3. a change in direction , a change in emphasis, judgment, or attitude, 4. a group of people who work or occupy themselves in turn with other groups, b. a change of one group of people (as workers) for another in regular alternation, a scheduled period of work or duty , a change in place or position: as, a change in the position of the hand on a fingerboard (as of a violin), b. fault 5, the relative displacement of rock masses on opposite sides of a fault or fault zone, c. a simultaneous change of position in football by two or more players from one side of the line to the other, a change of positions made by one or more players in baseball to provide better defense against a particular hitter, a change in frequency resulting in a change in position of a spectral line or band, a movement of bits in a computer register a specified number of places to the right or left, a removal from one person or thing to another ; transfer, consonant ~, a bid in bridge in a suit other than the suit one's partner has bid, gear~, see: resource ...Толковый словарь английского языка
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